Vaccine development refers to the process of designing, creating, and testing vaccines to prevent infectious diseases. This multi-step process involves several stages, including exploratory research, preclinical testing, clinical trials, and regulatory approval.
In the exploratory phase, researchers identify antigens that can stimulate an immune response. Preclinical testing typically involves laboratory and animal studies to assess the vaccine’s safety and efficacy. Once deemed promising, the vaccine moves into clinical trials, which are conducted in phases (Phase I, II, and III) with increasing participant numbers to evaluate safety, immune response, and effectiveness.
Throughout the development process, scientists must comply with stringent regulatory guidelines to ensure that vaccines are safe for human use before they receive approval from health authorities, such as the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in the United States. After approval, vaccines are monitored for long-term effects and effectiveness in the population through post-marketing surveillance.
The ultimate goal of vaccine development is to control or eradicate diseases, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality globally.
Merck's stock dropped by 10% due to disappointing forecasts and declining sales. Adjusted EPS for 2025 projected between $8.88 and $9.03, below the expected $9.13. Revenue forecast of $64.1 billion…